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Archaeological journey through Iraq’s hidden Charsteen cave complex

An aerial view Charsteen archaeological site in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025.
An aerial view Charsteen archaeological site in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025.
May 03, 2025 03:20 PM GMT+03:00

Hidden just south of the Duhok Dam in Iraq lies Charsteen, a centuries-old cave that has recently reopened to visitors after careful restoration. Once a sacred gathering place for Zoroastrians, this vast 6,000-square-metre site now invites travelers and history lovers alike to explore its quiet mystery.

From weathered stone chambers to the echoes of ancient rituals, Charsteen offers more than just a peek into the past—it invites the imagination to wander. The site’s name, Charsteen, is said to reflect four elemental forces: fire, water, earth, and air. But beyond belief systems, it’s the setting itself—carved into the heart of Gali Duhok—that is truly captivating.

Now let’s step inside this atmospheric site and discover the visual story of a hidden gem tucked away in northern Iraq.

People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)
People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)

The entrance to Charsteen cave, nestled in the rocks of Gali Duhok, welcomes visitors with breathtaking views.

People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)
People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)

Sunlight spills through the cave’s natural archways, casting dramatic shadows over centuries-old stone.

People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)
People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)

Once used for religious ceremonies, this chamber still carries an air of sacred stillness.

People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)
People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)

Small altars and water channels hint at ceremonial use, though their exact function remains a mystery.

People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)
People visit Charsteen archaeological site including a temple of Zoroastrianism after it was reopened to visitors following restoration works in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025. (AA Photo)

Small offerings and symbols left behind hint at the cave’s spiritual legacy.

An aerial view Charsteen archaeological site in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025.
An aerial view Charsteen archaeological site in Duhok, Iraq, April 27, 2025.

Outside, the serene landscape of Duhok frames Charsteen as both a historical and natural treasure.

According to experts, Charsteen is more than just an archaeological site—it's a living memory carved into stone, echoing centuries of faith, community, and elemental harmony.

May 03, 2025 03:30 PM GMT+03:00
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