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Extreme heat can significantly increase the workload on the heart, raising the risk of serious cardiovascular problems, according to a cardiologist at Medipol University Esenler Hospital in Istanbul.
Prof. Dr. Muhammet Hulusi Satilmisoglu said high temperatures cause the body to pump more blood to the skin's surface in an effort to regulate heat, forcing the heart to work harder. He noted that heart rate rises during this process, while fluid loss increases the blood's tendency to clot.
According to Satilmisoglu, a large share of heat-related deaths are linked to cardiovascular disease. He said people in at-risk groups should avoid going outside during the hottest hours of the day and pay close attention to their fluid intake.
The cardiologist said individuals who have previously had a heart attack, undergone bypass surgery, had a stent placed, or been diagnosed with hypertension face a higher level of risk during periods of extreme heat. He advised seeking medical attention without delay if symptoms such as severe fatigue, chest tightness, heavy sweating or confusion occur.
Satilmisoglu explained that high temperatures trigger significant physiological changes in the body, adding that these changes can lead to serious health complications, particularly in people with existing heart and vascular conditions.
He recommended several precautions to reduce risk during hot weather, including drinking enough fluids, maintaining electrolyte balance through fresh fruit and vegetables, avoiding strenuous physical activity and limiting outdoor exposure between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. where possible.
Satilmisoglu added that patients with heart failure should follow their own physician's guidance regarding fluid intake and medication adjustments during heat waves. He also recommended wearing sun-protective hats and similar equipment as an additional safeguard against heat-related illness.
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