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Acarlar floodplain forest in Sakarya, known as Türkiye’s largest contiguous floodplain forest, continues to draw attention for its unique ecosystem. The forest’s water levels rise and fall with the seasons, creating a dynamic habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species.
Spanning 97 plant families and 360 genera, the forest is home to 654 plant species. Among them are rare and protected plants, including the lake onion and the water violet, which are safeguarded under the Bern Convention. Experts say this level of plant diversity makes Acarlar Longoz one of Türkiye’s most important natural sites.
The forest hosts 14 endemic plant species, such as the Istanbul snowdrop flower, wild foxglove and ballibaba. These species are unique to the region and highlight the forest’s ecological significance.
With 235 bird species recorded, including 147 protected under international agreements, the forest also is a paradise for birdwatchers. From herons and cormorants to migratory ducks and sea eagles, the forest’s waterways and reeds provide safe nesting and feeding grounds year-round.
For centuries, nearby communities have used plants like the lake onion for food and income. Today, sustainable harvesting continues under government permission.
Acarlar Floodplain Forest also is not just for scientists — visitors can explore 1,250 meters of wooden boardwalks and bridges. These pathways allow safe observation of wildlife while minimizing human impact, making the forest accessible without disturbing its delicate ecosystem.
During rainy seasons, the floodplain swells, turning the forest into a labyrinth of streams and wetlands. This seasonal flooding shapes the forest’s ecosystem, influencing where plants grow and which animals thrive, offering a different view for each visit.
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