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Bad loans transferred to 28 asset management firms in Türkiye jumped nearly 50% year-over-year to ₺199.9 billion ($4.7 billion) by the end of 2025, official data showed, as high borrowing costs, persistent inflation, and weakening repayment capacity continued to weigh on both households and businesses.
Data from The Association of Financial Institutions showed that the firms’ actively managed principal portfolio stood at ₺165.8 billion, while ₺34.2 billion had already been collected, closed, or written off.
Of the actively managed portfolio, ₺59.6 billion consisted of commercial loans, while ₺106.2 billion came from other loan categories, mainly consumer-related debt.
The number of borrowers linked to bad loans transferred to asset management firms climbed 6.8% from a year earlier to 4.21 million by the end of 2025. That total included 3.69 million individual borrowers and 518,501 SME or commercial entities.
Calculations by business-focused outlet dunya.com showed that nearly one in every 17 adults in Türkiye now carries bad loan debt.
The total number of bad loan files rose 7.3% year-over-year to 9.53 million. Individual borrowers accounted for 8.2 million of those files, largely tied to consumer loans and personal credit cards, while companies represented 1.33 million files.
While personal bad loans made up a larger share of the portfolios acquired by asset management firms, banks themselves continued to carry a heavier burden from troubled commercial debt.
As of May 8, 2026, total non-performing loans in the banking sector reached ₺712.7 billion ($15.8 billion), up more than 80% from a year earlier and growing much faster than overall loan expansion, which stood at 39% over the same period.
Non-performing loans accounted for 2.8% of total credit volume, data from the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency (BRSA) showed.
Consumer loans and individual credit cards made up ₺291.9 billion of total bad loans. Personal needs loans accounted for ₺136.6 billion, followed by individual credit cards at ₺153.6 billion. Commercial and other loans totaled ₺420.8 billion, including ₺250 billion in SME lending.
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